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Taxonomy
Family:
HELICODISCIDAE
Full Classification:
Mollusca (Phylum)
> Gastropoda (Class)
> Heterobranchia (Subclass)
> Euthyneura (Infraclass)
> Tectipleura (Subterclass)
> Eupulmonata (Superorder)
> Stylommatophora (Order)
> Helicina (Suborder)
> [unassigned] Helicina (Infraorder)
> Punctoidea (Superfamily)
> Helicodiscidae (Family)
> Lucilla (Genus)
> singleyana (Species)
Genus Synonyms:
=Hebetodiscus H.B. Baker, 1929
=Hydrophrea Climo, 1974
Synonymised Names:
=Helicodiscus (Hebetodiscus) singleyanus (Pilsbry, 1890)
=Helicodiscus singleyanus (Pilsbry, 1890)
=Hyalinia laeviuscula Sterki, 1892
=Hyalinia texana Sterki, 1892 (nomen nudum)
=Laoma (Phrixgnathus) academia Climo, 1970
=Zonites singleyanus Pilsbry, 1889
Images: Lucilla singleyana (Pilsbry, 1889)
Pataua North, E of Whangarei, Northland, NZ. 2.4mm. Reproduced courtesy of iNaturalist.nz ©openlabnz (D.J.Roscoe)
Pataua North, E of Whangarei, Northland, NZ. 2.4mm. Reproduced courtesy of iNaturalist.nz ©openlabnz (D.J.Roscoe)
Pataua North, E of Whangarei, Northland, NZ. 2.4mm. Reproduced courtesy of iNaturalist.nz ©openlabnz (D.J.Roscoe)
Holotype of Laoma (Phrixgnathus) academia Climo, 1970, collected Oct 1969, 1.83 m below layer of Waimakariri silt alluvium, Ilam University site, Christchurch, NZ (M.023252). 1.6mm. © Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (CC-BY-NC-ND)
Holotype of Laoma (Phrixgnathus) academia Climo, 1970, collected Oct 1969, 1.83 m below layer of Waimakariri silt alluvium, Ilam University site, Christchurch, NZ (M.023252). 1.6mm. © Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (CC-BY-NC-ND)
Holotype of Laoma (Phrixgnathus) academia Climo, 1970, collected Oct 1969, 1.83 m below layer of Waimakariri silt alluvium, Ilam University site, Christchurch, NZ (M.023252). 1.6mm. © Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (CC-BY-NC-ND)
Taxonomy
Family:
HELICODISCIDAE
Full Classification:
Mollusca (Phylum)
> Gastropoda (Class)
> Heterobranchia (Subclass)
> Euthyneura (Infraclass)
> Tectipleura (Subterclass)
> Eupulmonata (Superorder)
> Stylommatophora (Order)
> Helicina (Suborder)
> [unassigned] Helicina (Infraorder)
> Punctoidea (Superfamily)
> Helicodiscidae (Family)
> Lucilla (Genus)
> singleyana (Species)
Genus Synonyms:
=Hebetodiscus H.B. Baker, 1929
=Hydrophrea Climo, 1974
Synonymised Names:
=Helicodiscus (Hebetodiscus) singleyanus (Pilsbry, 1890)
=Helicodiscus singleyanus (Pilsbry, 1890)
=Hyalinia laeviuscula Sterki, 1892
=Hyalinia texana Sterki, 1892 (nomen nudum)
=Laoma (Phrixgnathus) academia Climo, 1970
=Zonites singleyanus Pilsbry, 1889
Details: Lucilla singleyana (Pilsbry, 1889)
Size/Grows to:
Width 2.4mm, Height 0.9mm
Distribution:
North and South Island
Type Data:
  • New Braunfels, Comal County, Texas, USA, (holotype)
  • 1.83 m below layer of Waimakariri silt alluvium, Ilam University site, Christchurch, NZ, (holotype of Laoma (Phrixgnathus) academia Climo, 1970)
Notes:
Subterranean, Land, Endemic to North America, occurring naturally from New Jersey south to Florida, and west to Arizona. Introduced to California, and apparently also to Europe and New Zealand
View Distribution Map
References and Publications
  • Barker, G.M. 1999 Naturalised Terrestrial Stylommatophora (Mollusca: Gastropoda), Fauna of New Zealand, Manaaki Whenua Press (p.69)
  • Powell, A.W.B. 1979 New Zealand Mollusca: Marine, Land and Freshwater Shells, Collins, Auckland (p.331)
  • Climo, F.M. 1974 Description and affinities of the subterranean molluscan fauna of New Zealand, New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 1(3) (p.271)
  • Pilsbry, H.A. 1890 New and little known American molluscs. No. 1, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 41 (p.84) Original Description

NZ Geographical Regions
Key to symbols used in Checklist.
Fw =
Freshwater
L =
Land
N =
North Island
S =
South Island
R =
Recent
Sf =
Subfossil
Fo =
Fossil
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